موضوع عن ترشيد الماء بالانجليزي
Water
Administration and Management: A Matter of Justice and Accountability
Mismanagement
of water is an important factor contributing to the main water issues
currently. Good management is perhaps the main condition for solving the
problems of access to drinking water and basic sanitation. The problems and
challenges must be taken into account by all: national governments,
international organizations, the private sector and local communities. Greater
attention must be given to coordination and cooperation between these actors at
all levels. It must be emphasized that, at present, there is no global
organization to coordinate and manage water and related issues within the
community of nations.
An
essential element of good management is participation and ownership in the
community. Marginalized groups within the community need to be considered for
solutions tailored to their needs. Traditional knowledge can be vital for
planning water resources. More technological solutions can sometimes ignore
local knowledge about the terrain and climate and, more importantly, the human
factor. Respect for the principle of subsidiarity should therefore be part of
any water management policy.
Management
decisions affecting the distribution of water must also meet the criterion of
fairness. The human right to access safe drinking water and basic sanitation
must be promoted in such a way that existing inequalities are reduced to the
benefit of greater welfare for the most disadvantaged .
Partnerships
between the public and private sectors can play an important role in access to
drinking water, provided that the various stakeholders work towards a common
goal: to guarantee access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation for all.
This does not reduce the primary role of the State in promoting the right to
access to drinking water and basic sanitation. Linkages between development
strategies and issues related to distribution, procurement, participation, etc.
Water resources need to be clearly understood by policy makers as their
decisions have hidden implications for people living in poverty.
There
are specific ethical issues related to the decision-making process for water
management. Perhaps the most controversial and controversial issue is the price
of water. At present, people living in poverty often pay much more for access
to safe drinking water and basic sanitation than those who live in conditions
of financial security. The price paid by the poor is not limited to the
financial cost. They often pay much more in terms of physical effort and
health.
Good
natural resource management clearly goes hand in hand with the requirement that
users pay the true price of services. It has been proven that when water is
subsidized, it tends to be wasted. However, if there is agreement that access
to safe drinking water and basic sanitation is fundamental to alleviating
poverty, then drinking water and basic sanitation can not be considered a
commodity among so many others. Pope John Paul II recalled that there are
important human needs that escape the logic of the market and that water is
precisely one of them. It can not be used solely as an instrument of profit
because it is essential to the survival of the human person and can not be
turned into a property reserved for the sole benefit of those who can afford to
pay for it.
