موضوع بالانجليزي عن الماء

موضوع بالانجليزي عن الماء
بحث عن الماء بالانجليزي

بحث عن الماء باللغة الانجليزية طويل

A human right to water

Water is much more than just a human need. It represents an essential and irreplaceable element to ensure the continuity of life. Water is intrinsically linked to basic human rights, such as the right to life, food and health. Access to clean water is a basic human right. In a Message to the Bishops of Brazil in 2004, Pope John Paul II wrote: "As a gift from God, water is a vital element, indispensable for survival, and therefore a right for all."

In principle, a human right is protected by internationally guaranteed rules that ensure the fundamental freedoms of individuals and communities. It mainly concerns the relationship between the person and the state. In this respect, the government's obligations to the law can be broadly defined as follows: to respect that right, to protect and secure it. However, the current system of international human rights does not contain the explicit and universal recognition of the right to access to drinking water.

And yet, a whole series of international declarations and treaties are invoked when it is said that access to a regular source of drinking water is clearly part of the domain of essential safeguards to ensure an adequate standard of living ( 4). All the signatory States of such instruments have the obligation to guarantee the realization of the essential minimum level of any right; in this case, it is the right to water, which should mean indiscriminate access to enough water to prevent dehydration and disease.

The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights recalls that full realization of these rights must be achieved progressively, making maximum use of available resources (5). The principle recognizes the constraints related to the available resources and identifies a constant and permanent duty of the State to advance quickly and effectively towards the realization of this right.

Defining access to drinking water as a human right is an important step in making this access a reality in the lives of many people living in poverty. A rights-based approach places the human person at the center of development. Access to safe drinking water becomes a legal right, rather than a service or commodity provided on a humanitarian basis. Those for whom access is difficult may be better targeted and a large number of discriminatory practices and inequalities may be reduced. More vulnerable or marginalized communities can more easily access decision-making processes. The means and the mechanisms to make governments responsible for the access of their citizens to drinking water are thus realized. Taking all this into account, a rights-based approach would help to achieve higher minimum levels of access to drinking water more quickly.